题目
按学生分区、课程号排序，查询下一门课分数。
知识点：LEAD
运行环境：本站提供在线 SQL 运行环境。
思路
对称地看下一门：LEAD(score, 1)，分区和排序与 LAG 那题相同。
每个学生最后一门的 next_score 为空。
解法
-- 第78题：查询同一学生下一门课的分数
-- 样例数据：学生选课 + 员工部门。最后一条 SELECT 为本题查询。
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS score;
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS course;
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS student;
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS teacher;
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS emp;
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS dept;
CREATE TABLE teacher (
tid TEXT PRIMARY KEY,
tname TEXT NOT NULL
);
CREATE TABLE student (
sid TEXT PRIMARY KEY,
sname TEXT NOT NULL,
ssex TEXT,
birthday TEXT,
city TEXT,
email TEXT
);
CREATE TABLE course (
cid TEXT PRIMARY KEY,
cname TEXT NOT NULL,
tid TEXT,
credit INTEGER
);
CREATE TABLE score (
sid TEXT,
cid TEXT,
score REAL,
exam_on TEXT
);
CREATE TABLE dept (
did TEXT PRIMARY KEY,
dname TEXT NOT NULL
);
CREATE TABLE emp (
eid TEXT PRIMARY KEY,
ename TEXT NOT NULL,
did TEXT,
manager_id TEXT,
salary INTEGER,
hired_on TEXT
);
INSERT INTO teacher(tid, tname) VALUES
('T01', '何启明'),
('T02', '陆知秋'),
('T03', '裴南'),
('T04', '江衡');
INSERT INTO student(sid, sname, ssex, birthday, city, email) VALUES
('S01', '林晓', '女', '2003-03-12', '杭州', 'linxiao@campus.test'),
('S02', '周衡', '男', '2002-11-08', '宁波', 'zhouheng@campus.test'),
('S03', '沈予', '女', '2003-06-21', '杭州', 'shenyu@campus.test'),
('S04', '韩牧', '男', '2002-07-09', '温州', 'hanmu@campus.test'),
('S05', '叶安', '女', '2004-01-30', '杭州', 'yean@campus.test'),
('S06', '方迟', '男', '2001-12-19', '嘉兴', 'fangchi@campus.test'),
('S07', '苏晚', '女', '2003-09-04', '宁波', 'suwan@campus.test'),
('S08', '程远', '男', '2004-05-17', '杭州', 'chengyuan@campus.test'),
('S09', '顾星', '女', '2002-10-28', '绍兴', 'guxing@campus.test'),
('S10', '梁野', '男', '2001-02-08', '温州', 'liangye@campus.test'),
('S11', '夏禾', '女', '2003-08-16', '杭州', 'xiahe@campus.test'),
('S12', '许川', '男', '2002-04-25', '宁波', 'xuchuan@campus.test'),
('S13', '丁南', '女', '2004-04-18', '杭州', 'dingnan@campus.test'),
('S14', '蔡河', '男', '2001-06-03', '嘉兴', 'caihe@campus.test'),
('S15', '闻青', '女', '2002-08-22', '绍兴', 'wenqing@campus.test'),
('S16', '邱石', '男', '2003-12-01', '宁波', 'qiushi@campus.test');
INSERT INTO course(cid, cname, tid, credit) VALUES
('C01', '数据库原理', 'T02', 4),
('C02', '离散数学', 'T01', 3),
('C03', '操作系统', 'T03', 4),
('C04', '计算机网络', 'T02', 3),
('C05', '编译原理', 'T01', 4),
('C06', '线性代数', 'T03', 3),
('C07', '软件工程', 'T04', 2),
('C08', '人工智能', 'T04', 3),
('C09', '毕业实习', 'T03', 1);
INSERT INTO score(sid, cid, score, exam_on) VALUES
('S01', 'C01', 88, '2025-01-08'),
('S01', 'C02', 76, '2025-01-10'),
('S01', 'C03', 91, '2025-01-12'),
('S01', 'C04', 85, '2025-01-09'),
('S01', 'C05', 72, '2025-01-11'),
('S01', 'C06', 90, '2025-01-13'),
('S01', 'C07', 68, '2025-01-08'),
('S01', 'C08', 80, '2025-02-15'),
('S02', 'C01', 70, '2025-01-08'),
('S02', 'C02', 82, '2025-01-10'),
('S02', 'C03', 64, '2025-01-12'),
('S02', 'C04', 55, '2025-01-09'),
('S03', 'C01', 90, '2025-01-08'),
('S03', 'C02', 90, '2025-01-10'),
('S03', 'C03', 85, '2025-01-12'),
('S03', 'C05', 78, '2025-01-11'),
('S04', 'C01', 45, '2025-01-08'),
('S04', 'C02', 52, '2025-01-10'),
('S04', 'C03', 40, '2025-01-12'),
('S04', 'C04', 0, '2025-01-09'),
('S05', 'C01', 79, '2025-01-08'),
('S05', 'C02', 88, '2025-01-10'),
('S05', 'C03', 70, '2025-01-09'),
('S06', 'C01', 0, '2025-01-08'),
('S06', 'C03', 58, '2025-01-12'),
('S06', 'C06', 41, '2025-01-13'),
('S07', 'C02', 94, '2025-01-10'),
('S07', 'C03', 90, '2025-01-12'),
('S07', 'C07', 88, '2025-01-11'),
('S08', 'C01', 86, '2025-01-08'),
('S08', 'C02', 61, '2025-01-10'),
('S08', 'C03', 73, '2025-01-12'),
('S08', 'C08', 69, '2025-02-15'),
('S09', 'C01', 92, '2025-01-08'),
('S09', 'C03', 81, '2025-01-12'),
('S09', 'C04', 77, '2025-01-09'),
('S10', 'C02', 55, '2025-01-10'),
('S10', 'C03', 47, '2025-01-12'),
('S11', 'C01', 77, '2025-01-08'),
('S11', 'C02', 80, '2025-01-10'),
('S11', 'C03', 79, '2025-01-12'),
('S11', 'C05', 66, '2025-01-11'),
('S12', 'C01', 60, '2025-01-08'),
('S13', 'C02', 84, '2025-01-10'),
('S13', 'C07', 91, '2025-01-11'),
('S14', 'C01', 58, '2025-01-08'),
('S14', 'C06', 73, '2025-01-13'),
('S15', 'C03', 62, '2025-01-12'),
('S15', 'C08', 0, '2025-02-15');
INSERT INTO dept(did, dname) VALUES
('D01', '研发部'),
('D02', '教学部'),
('D03', '市场部');
INSERT INTO emp(eid, ename, did, manager_id, salary, hired_on) VALUES
('E01', '陈省', 'D01', NULL, 18000, '2020-03-01'),
('E02', '吴舟', 'D01', 'E01', 12000, '2022-05-12'),
('E03', '唐宁', 'D01', 'E01', 19000, '2021-08-20'),
('E04', '沈泊', 'D02', 'E01', 15000, '2021-11-04'),
('E05', '齐末', 'D02', 'E04', 9000, '2024-04-01'),
('E06', '米白', 'D03', 'E01', 11000, '2023-02-18'),
('E07', '蓝秋', 'D03', 'E06', 8000, '2024-09-01'),
('E08', '贺川', 'D03', 'E06', 21000, '2022-12-10');
-- 本题查询
SELECT sid, cid, score, LEAD(score, 1) OVER (PARTITION BY sid ORDER BY cid) AS next_score FROM score ORDER BY sid, cid;
运行示例
sid | cid | score | next_score
----+-----+-------+-----------
S01 | C01 | 88.0 | 76.0
S01 | C02 | 76.0 | 91.0
S01 | C03 | 91.0 | 85.0
S01 | C04 | 85.0 | 72.0
S01 | C05 | 72.0 | 90.0
S01 | C06 | 90.0 | 68.0
S01 | C07 | 68.0 | 80.0
S01 | C08 | 80.0 | NULL
S02 | C01 | 70.0 | 82.0
S02 | C02 | 82.0 | 64.0
S02 | C03 | 64.0 | 55.0
S02 | C04 | 55.0 | NULL
S03 | C01 | 90.0 | 90.0
S03 | C02 | 90.0 | 85.0
S03 | C03 | 85.0 | 78.0
S03 | C05 | 78.0 | NULL
S04 | C01 | 45.0 | 52.0
S04 | C02 | 52.0 | 40.0
S04 | C03 | 40.0 | 0.0
S04 | C04 | 0.0 | NULL
S05 | C01 | 79.0 | 88.0
S05 | C02 | 88.0 | 70.0
S05 | C03 | 70.0 | NULL
S06 | C01 | 0.0 | 58.0
S06 | C03 | 58.0 | 41.0
S06 | C06 | 41.0 | NULL
S07 | C02 | 94.0 | 90.0
S07 | C03 | 90.0 | 88.0
S07 | C07 | 88.0 | NULL
S08 | C01 | 86.0 | 61.0
S08 | C02 | 61.0 | 73.0
S08 | C03 | 73.0 | 69.0
S08 | C08 | 69.0 | NULL
S09 | C01 | 92.0 | 81.0
S09 | C03 | 81.0 | 77.0
S09 | C04 | 77.0 | NULL
S10 | C02 | 55.0 | 47.0
S10 | C03 | 47.0 | NULL
S11 | C01 | 77.0 | 80.0
S11 | C02 | 80.0 | 79.0
S11 | C03 | 79.0 | 66.0
S11 | C05 | 66.0 | NULL
S12 | C01 | 60.0 | NULL
S13 | C02 | 84.0 | 91.0
S13 | C07 | 91.0 | NULL
S14 | C01 | 58.0 | 73.0
S14 | C06 | 73.0 | NULL
S15 | C03 | 62.0 | 0.0
S15 | C08 | 0.0 | NULL